Sunspot is a gradual solar activity which mainly occurs in the solar photosphere, and it is a local region with strong magnetic field and low density in the photosphere. The big sunspot is as big as the earth, and the area of the extra-large sunspot is 10 times the size of the earth. Sunspots usually appear in groups, and a group of sunspots usually consists of several small, medium and large sunspots. Sunspots only occur in the latitude zone of 540 degrees between the northern and southern hemispheres of the sun, and the number of sunspots has a period of about 11 years. Sunspots are the core of the solar active region, especially the sunspot groups with complex magnetic field configuration are often the places where flares erupt. The number of sunspots marks the level of solar activity. The product uses the neural network method to give the predicted value of the monthly mean of sunspots in the next month (blue asterisk) and the smooth monthly mean of sunspots in the next three months (red asterisk).
The radio radiation flux at the solar wavelength of 10.7cm (2800MHz) is an important parameter to characterize the level of solar activity, which is called the solar F107 index, and its unit is the \"solar flux unit\" (SFU), which ranges from 60 to 300. The F107 index is similar to the sunspot number and has a good corresponding relationship with the sunspot number. During the peak period of sunspot activity (solar peak year), the solar F107 index usually exceeds 200 and may be as high as 300 in a short time range. Therefore, the F107 index is often used to divide the overall level of solar activity in scientific research. In general, the year when the average F107 index is higher than 180 is called the typical solar activity high year, and the year when the average F107 index is lower than 90 is called the typical solar activity low year. The product uses the neural network method to give the predicted value of the monthly mean value of the F107 index in the coming month (blue asterisk) and the smooth monthly mean value of the F107 index in the next three months (red asterisk).